How does the nervous system of arthropods differ from that of humans?

The nervous system of arthropods features several control centers known as ganglia, which are clusters of nerve cell bodies that coordinate different functions within the body. Unlike humans who have a centralized nervous system with a complex brain that processes information, the arthropod nervous system is more decentralized. Each segment of an arthropod's body can have its own ganglia that control movement and sensory processing for that specific segment, allowing for rapid reflex actions.

This structure allows arthropods to react swiftly to their environment, as ganglia can process information independently of the central brain. Humans have a complex spinal cord and a brain that manages and integrates information, which reflects a different evolutionary adaptation to environmental challenges compared to arthropods.

The other choices do not accurately reflect the characteristics of nervous systems in either group. Humans indeed have a sophisticated nervous system, contrary to the option that suggests they do not, and while arthropods have a simpler overall structure, they possess a nervous system that includes ganglia, distinguishing it from the centralized system seen in humans. Furthermore, humans typically have a higher number of nerve cells compared to arthropods, highlighting the difference in complexity and functionality between the two systems.