What distinguishes White Rot Fungi from Brown Rot Fungi?

The distinction between White Rot Fungi and Brown Rot Fungi primarily lies in their ability to decompose wood components, particularly lignin and cellulose. White Rot Fungi are unique because they can metabolize both lignin and cellulose, leading to a bleaching effect on the wood. This capability allows them to break down the complex structure of wood thoroughly, resulting in a lighter color and a softer texture as the lignin is removed.

Brown Rot Fungi, on the other hand, primarily degrade cellulose while leaving lignin relatively intact. This process leads to the characteristic brown color and the solid, often crumbly texture that defines wood decayed by brown rot.

Both types of fungi play crucial roles in the ecosystem by recycling nutrients, but understanding their different modes of action is vital in pest control and wood preservation practices. By recognizing that White Rot Fungi can break down both major components of wood, one can appreciate their ecological role and the implications for wood health and pest management.